Ioan ROSCA1 and Alexandru BARBULESCU2
1University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine-Bucharest, ROMANIA
2Research Institute for Cereals and Industrial Crops-Fundulea, ROMANIA
In Romania at Research Chemistry Institute "Raluca Ripan" Cluj-Napoca, were developed many pheromones variants for different pest species, but only 25 were registered till now in practice. They are used especially for monitoring of pests, but there are experiments on large scale for using pheromones in control of orchards and vineyards pest. It is presented different ways in which these registered pheromones are used in agricultural practice in Romania.
The paper presents results obtained in Romania during 1990-1997 in field trials with pheromone formulations developed for European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.). There is a relatively good enough formulation of Z and E sexual synthetic pheromone, this formulation being no so efficient and specific. Our results underline that the second generation generally occurs in Romania at the end of August or early in September and practically is devoid of significance, since it is numerically low on one hand, and during this period maize crop being to maturate, on the other hand. Estimates of European corn borer populations in different Romanian’s areas are difficult as we have said above. Tagging large numbers of individual moths and employing a marking/recapture method for estimating the density is a method by which a lot of troubles can be solved. The population density is calculated using the formula of Jenkins (1962).
It is stated that in Romania Z pherotype is predominant all over the country. Pheromone traps can be used to draw up flight curves of O. nubilalis males. Control of ECB by mass trapping of males or male disorientation has failed in small cornfield surrounded by forest.
Pheromone trap is helpfulness in a future integrated control system of pest by determination of releasing time of males with inherited sterility and oophagous parasites - Trichogramma spp.
In order to develop an insect pest management, a special attention was paid to the investigations on the ECB dynamics and the estimation of the natural population by means of pheromone traps and markers. It was used synthetic sex pheromone like a monitor pest flight.